Please add spaces between words: Hestudiedalotofmathematicsinhisowntimeincludingtrigonometry,differentialandintegralcalculus,andcomplexnumberslongbeforehemetthesetopicsinhisformaleducation.
He studied a lot of mathematics in his own time including trigonometry, differential and integral calculus, and complex numbers long before he met these topics in his formal education.