Text: on the other hand, he was sensitive to the realistic interpretations of kepler and galileo , who saw that hypotheses were not simply instrumental devices.

Correct capitalization: On the other hand, he was sensitive to the realistic interpretations of Kepler and Galileo , who saw that hypotheses were not simply instrumental devices.


Text: my father and grandfather's instruments could but measure to within fifteen seconds; the instrument of m borda here can measure to within one second.

Correct capitalization: My father and grandfather's instruments could but measure to within fifteen seconds; the instrument of M Borda here can measure to within one second.


Text: are there tomatoes in the ketchup?

Correct capitalization: Are there tomatoes in the ketchup?


Text: since he was a shortish man but liked to perform on the big conctrabass-ophicleide, punch magazine showed this cartoon in 1852.

Correct capitalization:
Since he was a shortish man but liked to perform on the big conctrabass-ophicleide, Punch magazine showed this cartoon in 1852.